GIS和RS技术在城市规划设计中的应用探讨   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王成芳 《测绘科学》2008,33(5)

数字技术时代的到来,城市规划行业面临机遇和挑战。本文针对国内目前3S技术在城市规划管理层次应用较广而在规划设计方面应用薄弱这一现状,结合规划设计相关案例介绍GIS和RS技术在规划设计方面的辅助应用。案例选用ArcGIS软件介入规划设计的全过程,进行现状地形分析、三维模拟等辅助分析,并与Sketchup建模充分结合制作大范围三维漫游动画,辅助推敲规划建筑与周边环境相互关系,同时还充分利用GoogleEarth与Sketchup和ArcGIS之间的接口,将规划方案和建筑模型导入全球卫星影像,从而更好地辅助规划决策和公众参与等。  相似文献   

一种改进的周跳多项式拟合方法   总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5  

李明  高星伟  徐爱功 《测绘科学》2008,33(4)

多项式拟合探测周跳受相位观测值所含误差的影响,随着采样数的增加,其探测周跳的能力随之降低,通常将观测数据分成若干段来进行处理。这样不可避免的增加工作强度,降低工作效率。本文根据多项式拟合探测周跳的基本原理,对多项式进行改进。经实验证明,利用改进后的多项式进行拟合能够有效地弥补传统方法的不足,使周跳的探测与修复更加稳定可靠。  相似文献   

空间合作目标交会对接光学测量研究     

陈密密  江刚武  姜挺 《测绘科学》2008,(Z1)

随着人类探索太空活动的深入,空间交会对接技术(RVD)发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文在介绍国外交会对接测量技术最新研究现状的基础上,研究了交会对接光学成像测量系统的原理和测量算法,并分析了光学成像测量系统设计中的几个关键技术,其测量有效性和测量精度直接关系到交会对接任务的成功与否,最后讨论了未来交会对接技术的发展方向。  相似文献   

Calculating Pollution Indices by Heavy Metals in Ecological Geochemistry Assessment and a Case Study in Parks of Beijing   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

龚庆杰  邓军  向运川  王庆飞  杨立强 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2008,19(3)

Pollution index is a powerful tool for ecological geochemistry assessment. The commonly used pollution indices by heavy metals in soils and sediments were classified as two types of single index and integrated index in an algorithm point of view. Four single indices of contamination factor (or concentration factor), ecological risk factor, enrichment factor, and index of geo-accumulation were illustrated, and the reference values for calculating single indices were distinguished into background levels and threshold pollution values. Eight integrated indices were divided into two groups. One group is suitable for the normal distribution single indices including the sum, average, weighted average,vector modulus, and Nemerow pollution indices, and the other for log-normal distribution including the product, root of product, and weighted power product pollution indices. Using background levels as reference values, five contamination classes were divided, and the terminologies are suggested for the single and integrated indices to unify the assessment results. Software of EGAPI was developed in a single document interface to calculate the four single and eight integrated indices by heavy metals to assess the quality of soil and sediment ecological geochemistry. Pollution indices by heavy metals of Cu,Pb, and Zn in soils in parks of Beijing were calculated using EGAPI software, and these five contamination classes and terminologies suggested in this study were evaluated and used. Results ofintegrated indices of Cu, Pb, and Zn in soils indicated that the soil qualities are unpolluted as a whole and varied from low polluted to unpolluted status from the center to the outskirts of Beijing City.  相似文献   

Geodatabase与公交网络数据建模     

王志敏  牛跃红 《测绘科学》2008,(Z1)

随着城市交通的迅猛发展,交通问题已成为各国政府面临的首要问题,建立智能交通系统,将先进的地理信息技术引入城市道路交通管理已是必由之路。论文对公交网络数据模型进行深入分析。论文介绍了一种全新的面向对象的空间数据模型——Geodatabase,并对公交网络数据进行建模。  相似文献   

单中继星单低轨卫星的联合定轨精度分析     

SU Mu-dan  ZHENG Yong  DU Lan  CONG Dian-wei 《测绘学院学报》2008,(1)

针对由单中继星和单低轨卫星组成的联合定轨系统,给出了系统内不同轨道卫星摄动项的选取方案和卫星间的可见性判别模型。在模拟出含有白噪声的四程测距观测数据文件的基础上,研究了测距精度和采样弧段对联合定轨中高、低轨卫星定轨精度的影响。得出如下结论:联合定轨更有利于对低轨卫星的轨道改进;同样的采样时间条件下,测距噪声越小定轨精度越高,并且采样时间越短它的影响越明显;同样的测距噪声条件下,所用资料的采样时间越长精度越高,但当测距精度很高时,TDRS达到最好定轨精度所需的采样时间相应有所缩短。并在定出轨道后进行了轨道预报,分析了轨道预报的趋势及精度。  相似文献   

市政项目中长距离顶管工程若干问题探讨     

杨转运 《岩土钻凿工程》2008,(1):102-106

顶管具有不可比拟的优越性,在市政项目中应用越来越广泛,但施工技术难度较大,长距离顶管是顶管工程中施工工艺最复杂课题之一。本文讨论了长距离顶管中易出现的技术问题及处理措施,指出顶管技术通过与精心细致、信息化施工相结合,可以广泛地应用于城市的基础建设中。  相似文献   

Formation Models and Distribution of Oil and Gas Pools in Tarim Basin,China     

龙胜祥 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2008,19(6):665-674

This article reports the main formation models and distribution of the oil and gas pools in Tarim basin,China,including (I) occurrence of the found oil and gas pools,(2) main formation models of oil and gas pools,and (3) distribution law of oil/gas pools.Petroleum is distributed widely in the strata of Tarim basin from the Sinian at the bottom to the Neogene at the top.However,the found oil and gas fields are mainly distributed in Shaya (沙雅) uplift,Tazhong (塔中) uplift,and Kuche (库车)depression.This article presents 4 main formation models,namely,early formation and long-term preservation,early formation and late reformation,middle-late multiphase-multisource formation,late single-stage formation.Tarim basin is very rich in petroleum resources.Long-term inherited intrabasinal paleohighs and slope zones are the most favorable areas for accumulation of hydrocarbons,but the types of oil and gas pools are different from area to area.The control of unconformities and faults on hydrocarbon accumulating is prominent in Tarim basin.Preservation conditions are of utmost importance.Formation of some oil and gas pools is the result of reforming and re-accumulating of early accumulated hydrocarbons.  相似文献   

论氢化物的形成及其在分析测试领域的应用          下载免费PDF全文

郑大中  王惠萍  郑若锋 《江苏地质》2008,32(1):5-11

论述了氢化物形成的普遍性、氢化物的物理化学性质、元素周期系各类元素的氢化物类型。认为一些金属离子、非金属离子在酸性介质中与硼氢化钾（钠）作用及金属锌等强还原剂作用生成氢化物。综述了氢化物的形成在分析测试领域的应用：试样分解、分离富集、容量分析、光度分析、原子光谱分析、质谱分析。  相似文献   

关注苏皖南部地区海相油气资源          下载免费PDF全文

范小林 《江苏地质》2008,32(1):16-18

据苏皖南部地区地表露头及部分井下所发现的海相油气显示表明,这里存在海相油气资源勘探远景,关注这一地区的海相油气资源,如何开展和寻找这类油气资源,将有利于该地区区域性经济建设的可持续发展。  相似文献